Islamic Empire

Empires decline due to their own weight, but depended allot in the foundations. The British Empire was a mercantile Empire, the main drive was trade and raw materials, British Empire control India population with 100 Million in 1600´s, in their high 285 Million in  1881 with only 100,000 permanent  bureaucracy and second are Empire founded in conquest, here in holding have different foundation, Rome as Empire of conquest hold to last with Byzantium, but this conquest were dynamic, the produce intellectual, but physical outcomes, because in the case of Rome a Pagan Society and even with Christianity become the Religion of the Empire an intellectual expression along the religious frame was encourage for the few, where Islamic Empire self-disintegrate take a period, which couple with the conquest society, but where the Christians due to their fragmentation gave some room for alternative.

Islam holds Spain after the conquest closed to 900 years, where the original invasion by Umayyad conquest of Hispania extending from 711 to 788 and internal disintegration started in 11 century, with zealotry, in part Umayyad dynasty in Shia point view sympathetic (since—the fact that the grand sons of Uthman, Zaid bin amr bin uthman bin affan and Abdullah bin Amr bin Uthman got married to the Sukaina and Fatima the daughters of Hussein son of Ali to show closeness of Banu hashem and Bani Ummayah), where the Sunni hostility reduce the Islamic revival in peninsula to nihilistic spiral, when Christians Reconquista of the peninsula, the Kingdom of Granada ask for help to the Ottomans to use the Pirates from Algeria and Tunis to pressure the Christians, Ottomans close door to any help. Where Ottomans in failure to capture Vienna twice (1485 and 1529), by the begin of the 20 Century, despite of the Prussian/German Kaiser to developed Ottomans, to  counter weight  the Imperial France and British Empire. The Ottomans have absorbed the knowledge of their subjugated Christians (the Ottoman law is just a copy of the Byzantium law), due to the Islamic law lethargy, could not developed technology or Science, moreover, the Empire could not absorbed new ideas from the conquest, and their failure to make inroads to Europe stop in his  own Lethargy.